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Dear colleagues,</div>
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we're very happy to have Martin Claussen visiting us. Please join his seminar lecture where he will talk about one of the key topics in (paleo-)climate research: The Green Sahara, proxy evidence and challenges in climate modelling to simulate and explain the
rise and collapse of a Green Sahara. The involved research has implications far beyond paleoclimate as it provides fundamental insights into the dynamics and feedbacks of how the Earth system responds to climate change and how well our models manage to represent
these processes.</div>
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RT3 | Research Theme 3 Seminar</h1>
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EVENT</h2>
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<span class="summary" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="value-title" title="RT3 | Research Theme 3 Seminar" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Date:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span><span class="dtstart" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 11pt;">08
June 2023, 2.00 PM <span class="value-title" title="2023-06-08T14:00+02:00" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">- </span><span class="dtend" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 11pt;">3.00
PM<span class="value-title" title="2023-06-08T14:00+02:00" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Venue:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span><span class="location" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 11pt;">Högbomsalen,
Geoscience building, Hus U, Plan 3, SU</span></span></div>
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<span class="summary" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="location" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Speaker:
</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Martin Claussen, Professor emeritus of Physical Meteorology at Universität Hamburg and former Director at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) in Hamburg, Germany</span></span><br>
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<span class="summary" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="location" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><b></b></span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 46, 95); font-size: 1.2em;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Green
Sahara Riddles</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 12.16px;"><b>Abstract</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 12.16px;">Several thousand years ago, Sahara and Sahel were much wetter and greener than today. Subtle and steady variations in the Earth’s orbit are supposed to have triggered changes
in the West African monsoon which were amplified by feedbacks between climate, ocean and primarily the land surface. While these processes are understood in principle, reconstructions and simulations differ. Some missing feedbacks are generally blamed for
the deviation of model results from reconstruction. But the issue might be simpler: most models do not capture the steep and high mountains in the Sahara. High-resolution simulations help to solve the riddle of deep crater lakes in the Tibesti, the highest
and steepest mountain in the central Sahara. Lakes were presumably abundant in the Sahara, but it is not yet known, how widespread lakes were and what their effect on the climate was. First attempts to predict the interaction between climate, dynamic lakes
and vegetation are presented. Some 25 years ago, we predicted a “collapse” of the “green Sahara” that should have occurred some 5.5000 years ago. New, more details predictions and reconstructions of abrupt changes in the Sahara are shown, and a suggestion
is made to answer the question of what “abrupt” really means. Reconstructions indicate that a greening of the Sahara had occurred rather regularly in the more distant past. A tentative answer to the question of why the past green Saharas differed in their
amplitude and extent is given including a prediction for Saharan greening of the last 800,000 years.</span><br>
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Coffee & tea will be served after the seminar.</div>
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If you want to hear even more about the West African Monsoon and Green Sahara, please attend the Thesis Defence by Ellen Berntell on Friday, 9 June 2023: <a href="https://www.su.se/department-of-physical-geography/calendar/dissertation-ellen-berntell-1.657167" class="OWAAutoLink" id="LPlnk83347">https://www.su.se/department-of-physical-geography/calendar/dissertation-ellen-berntell-1.657167</a></div>
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Best wishes from the RT3 "Past Climates" co-leaders,</div>
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Frederik, Fredrik, Natasha & Margret</div>
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Climate Researcher, Paleoclimate Modelling and Statistics &<br>
Research Area Leader "Past Climates"<br>
Bolin Centre for Climate Research &<br>
Department of Geological Sciences<br>
Stockholm University<br>
Svante Arrhenius väg 8 C<br>
106 91 Stockholm<br>
Phone +46 8 16 47 41<br>
https://www.mech.kth.se/~fsche/<br>
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